Hyperplastic Polyposis of The Sigmoid And Descending Colon: A Case Report

Background : Colorectal polyps are an important case because associated with colorectal cancer. Histologically, colorectal polyps are classified as neoplastic (adenomatous), non-neoplastic (hyperplastic), and submucosal polyps. We provide a case of hyperplastic polyposis (HPS) which is described by the presence of multiple hyperplastic polyps (HPs).
Case Description: A 50-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with complaints of changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss in the last three months. A colonoscopy procedure was taken, and the result showed multiple sessile and pedunculated polyps (more than 30) throughout the sigmoid and descending colon with various sizes. The lesion was biopsied, and pathohistological finding a migration of epithelium, elongated crypt lines, with microscopy papillary tufting, and the crypts were mainly lined by goblet cells. Proliferative activity is seen at the base of the crypts. There were no overt features of serrated, dysplasia and invasive carcinoma. This finding suggests a gobletrich cell hyperplastic polyps (GRHPs) and fulfills the criteria for hyperplastic polyposis (HPS). The patient received therapy to overcome her clinical problem, then she was consulted to the digestive department with suggestions for a polypectomy.
Conclusion: All polyps found in the gastrointestinal tract by colonoscopy should undergo a histopathological examination to confirm the possibility of malignancy. Although hyperplastic polyps (HPs) were non-neoplastic polyps, it may present genetic changes in hyperplastic polyposis (HPS) increased the risk of being neoplastic lesions. Early detection of colorectal polyp may have a significant role in preventing lower gastrointestinal tract malignancy.